Variables:
The central idea in research is variable. Variable is simply defined that it is a concept that varies. There are two types of concepts, 1) those that refer with a fixed phenomenon; and 2) those that can vary by quantity or amount. The measures of concept and second type of concept are variables. Anything that varies or changes in value is called variable. It can take two or more values because variable portray a quality that can display difference in value, mostly strength or magnitude. Generally variable is anything which may suppose difference categorical or numerical values. Variables shown to everywhere once we begin to look for them.
Let say gender is a variable; it can take two values i.e. male or female. If we take marital status, it can take the values like single, married, divorced, widowed or never married. Income of the family is also a variable; it can take values from 0 to billions. Attitude of a person towards women empowerment is a variable and its values could be defined in a range from highly favorable to highly unfavorable. Thus the variation can be in amount, quantity, intensity or type. Some of the examples can be absenteeism, gender, age, grade, religion, motivation and production units. A variable could be specific according to situation e.g. gender is a variable and it can take two values (male and female) but if we put ourselves in a particular situation like a classroom for female students, then gender will not be considered as variable in this situation.
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